# CW303 XMEGA Target

The ChipWhisperer-Lite board has a break-away target board section. This
target can be used attached to the CW-Lite or separated and connected
via ribbon cable. The breakaway target board has a slightly different
feature set than the CW308T-XMEGA target board.

![](Images/Cwlite-xmega.jpg)

--- 
## Specifications
| Feature | Notes/Range |
|--------|-----------|
| Target Device | ATXmega128D4-AU |
| Target Architecture | 8-bit Harvard |
| Vcc | 3.3V |
| Programming | PDI |
| Hardware Crypto | No |
| Availability | ChipWhisperer-Lite 1-part/2-part |
| Status | Released |
| Shunt | 49.9Ω |

Available with the [ChipWhisperer-Lite Starter Kit](../Starter%20Kits/ChipWhisperer-Lite.md)

### LEDs

The two LEDs on the XMEGA board are active-low, which is done to reduce
the impact on power consumption in the VCC power signature. The
connections are as follows:

| Item  | Connection | Note       |
| ----- | ---------- | ---------- |
| LED9  | PORTA.5    | Active low |
| LED10 | PORTA.6    | Active low |

## Usage

### Building Firmware

Building firmware for this target requires make and avr-gcc.
Installation of both these are covered in the {doc}`installation instructions <../installation>`.

If you have make and avr-gcc, you can build firmware by navigating via command line to the relevant
build directory and running:

```bash
make PLATFORM=CWLITEXMEGA CRYPTO_TARGET=<CRYPTO_TARGET>
```

Typically `CRYPTO_TARGET` here is `TINYAES128C`, `AVRCRYPTOLIB` or `NONE`.

If you're running a Jupyter Notebook lab, typically this step will be contained within one of the code blocks.

### Programming Firmware

The ChipWhisperer-Lite and ChipWhisperer-Pro have integrated PDI programmers, meaning there's no need to use an
external one if you're using either. To program via the ChipWhisperer API:

```python
# ...assuming scope is setup
# ensure device has clock and IO is setup, typically via scope.default_setup()
prog = cw.programmers.XMEGAProgrammer
cw.program_target(scope, prog, "<path/to/firmware.hex>")
```

### Connectors

The following shows several of the connectors available on the CW303.

#### 20-Pin Connector

J2 is a 20-pin connector, which uses the standard NewAE 20-pin
connector pinout, documented [here](../Capture/20-pin-connector.md).

#### SMA Glitch

The SMA glitch connector allows VCC glitches be inserted into the
VCC pin. This is done by shorting the resistive shunt R66. By
default it connects to the SMA measure connector, but can be
disconnected with the solder jumpers.

#### SMA Measure

The SMA measure connector allows power measurements to be taken
across resistive shunt R66. By default it connects to the SMA glitch
connector, but can be disconnected with the solder jumpers.

#### JP13

JP13 provides a pinout with several extra pins from the XMEGA
device.

---

### Solder Jumpers

#### SJ2

Selects the source of the input to the VCC filter - either the
20-pin 3.3V VCC (default), or the optional voltage regulator which
derives the power from a USB-Micro connector.

#### SJ3

Connects the output of the VCC filter to the XMEGA VCC network.
Soldered by default.

#### SJ4

Connects the SMA Measure header to the resistive shunt. Soldered by
default.

#### SJ5

Connects the SMA Glitch header to the resistive shunt. Soldered by
default.

#### SJ7

Connects the VCC of the XMEGA board to VREF on 20-pin header.
Soldered by default.

---

## Mounting Jumpers

Note the ChipWhisperer-Lite main board and target section contain a number of jumper options. By default these are not mounted, and solder jumper bridges on the PCB have been bridged to select the appropriate options when required. Some options are only solder jumpers, which to move the jumper requires a soldering iron to bridge or clear the appropriate connections.

The following lists jumpers on the ChipWhisperer-Lite / Target Section: 

* JP7 connects the "MEASURE" SMA to the XMEGA VCC Rail. Shorted by default with SJ4
* JP6 connects the "GLITCH" SMA to the XMEGA VCC rail. Shorted by default with SJ5
* JP12 can be used to feed an external voltage into the XMEGA VCC rail. By default SJ3 connects this to 3.3V
* SJ2 selects if the 3.3V rail comes from the 20-pin IDC connector (i.e. ChipWhisperer-Lite board) or via an optional
LDO and USB connector

### Building firmware

The XMEGA uses AVR architecture and needs an AVR compiler (which you'll have
if you followed our {doc}`../installation` instructions).

The target firmware can be found under the
`chipwhisperer/firmware/mcu/` directory in their project
(e.g. simpleserial-aes, basic-passwdcheck) folder.

  - Atmel AVR-GCC standalone - see [Atmel avr-gcc
    standalone](http://www.atmel.com/tools/atmelavrtoolchainforwindows.aspx)
    (registration required)
  - WinAVR. Last release - 2010, see [WinAVR
    Page](https://sourceforge.net/projects/winavr/files/latest/download?source=typ_redirect)
    (no registration required)

To build the code, follow these steps:

1.  `cd` to the project directory with the firmware source (.c) and
    makefile, and run `make`:
        cd c:\chipwhisperer\firmware\mcu\<project dir>
        make PLATFORM=CW303 CRYPTO_TARGET=AVRCRYPTOLIB
    where the \<\> part is changed to the project name.
    If this is successful, you'll see an output like the following:

    ![image](Images/Avr-build-ok.png "image")

    If instead you get an error something like ``make: *** No rule to
    make target `simpleserial.elf', needed by `elf'. Stop.``, this means
    a required file was missing.

2. The compiled firmware file you will use to program the target will have the format `<sourcefile name>-CW303.hex`, where the <> part will change based on the project.

---

### Schematic

![image](Images/Cw303_schematic.png "image")